SKULL LABS® Brain Reaper Shot 120 ml

SKULL LABS BRAIN REAPER SHOT supplement formula is a valuable combination of pre-training components with standardized plant extracts. The multi-ingredient composition of the pre-trainer has been prepared in the form of a handy shot ampoule, which you can easily take with you when you train. The product contains optimally selected proportions of the ingredients used, which guarantees safe and effective support against fatigue. The supplement is available in refreshing flavours, and its liquid form guarantees fast absorption of the components contained. The formula is recommended for physically active people - beginners as well as experienced sports enthusiasts, especially in strength and endurance disciplines.

 

What are the benefits of SKULL LABS SKULL BRAIN REAPER SHOT ingredients?

•      Beta-alanine supplementation affects carnosine synthesis and levels - it may prove to be a valuable support in the context of eliminating the feeling of fatigue, shaping lean muscle mass, improving some exercise parameters and maintaining acid-base balance[1,2,3,4,5,6]

•      Citrulline can influence exercise parameters (including strength, efficiency, endurance) and support the fight against fatigue[7,8,9]

•      Caffeine use is valuable for supporting cognitive function and exercise capacity during periods of increased psychophysical activity[10,11,12,13]

•      L-carnitine increases carnitine levels in muscles and blood and has a positive effect on a number of other processes including detoxification, Krebs cycle and lipid metabolism[1,14,15]

•      Presence of standardized plant extracts of ginger root, green tea leaves and black pepper fruits - sources of valuable active components (gingerols, polyphenols and piperine)

•      Choline supports normal liver function, maintains proper homocysteine and fat metabolism[16]

•      Niacin has a valuable effect on reducing feelings of fatigue and proper energy metabolism, and supports optimal functioning of the nervous system and psychological functions[16]

 

Bibliography:

1.       Kerksick, Chad M., et al. "ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 15.1 (2018): 1-5

2.       Blancquaert, Laura, Inge Everaert, and Wim Derave. "Beta-alanine supplementation, muscle carnosine and exercise performance." Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care 18.1 (2015): 63-70.

3.       Trexler, Eric T., et al. "International society of sports nutrition position stand: Beta-Alanine." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 12.1 (2015): 1-14.

4.       Quesnele, Jairus J., et al. "The effects of beta-alanine supplementation on performance: a systematic review of the literature." International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism 24.1 (2014): 14-27.

5.       Gross, Micah, et al. "Effects of beta-alanine supplementation and interval training on physiological determinants of severe exercise performance." European journal of applied physiology 114.2 (2014): 221-234.

6.       Smith, Abbie E., et al. "Effects of β-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on endurance performance and body composition in men; a double-blind trial." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 6.1 (2009): 1-9.

7.       Glenn, Jordan M., et al. "Acute citrulline-malate supplementation improves maximal strength and anaerobic power in female, masters athletes tennis players." European journal of sport science 16.8 (2016): 1095-1103.

8.       Bailey, Stephen J., et al. "l-Citrulline supplementation improves O2 uptake kinetics and high-intensity exercise performance in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology (2015).

9.       Pérez-Guisado, Joaquín, and Philip M. Jakeman. "Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness." The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 24.5 (2010): 1215-1222.

10.   Kim, Tae-Wook, et al. "Caffeine increases sweating sensitivity via changes in sudomotor activity during physical loading." Journal of medicinal food 14.11 (2011): 1448-1455.

11.   Childs, Emma, and Harriet de Wit. "Subjective, behavioral, and physiological effects of acute caffeine in light, nondependent caffeine users." Psychopharmacology 185.4 (2006): 514.

12.   Wiles, Jonathan D., et al. "The effects of caffeine ingestion on performance time, speed and power during a laboratory-based 1 km cycling time-trial." Journal of sports sciences 24.11 (2006): 1165-1171.

13.   Anderson, Megan E., et al. "Improved 2000-meter rowing performance in competitive oarswomen after caffeine ingestion." International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism 10.4 (2000): 464-475.

14.   Czeczot, Hanna, and Dorota Ścibior. "Rola L-karnityny w przemianach, żywieniu i terapii Role of L-carnitine in metabolism, nutrition and therapy." Postepy Hig Med Dosw.(online) 59 (2005): 9-19.

15.   Hoppel, Charles. "The role of carnitine in normal and altered fatty acid metabolism." American Journal of Kidney Diseases 41 (2003): S4-S12.

16.   Komisji, Rozporządzenie. "Nr 432/2012 z dnia 16 maja 2012 r. ustanawiające wykaz dopuszczonych oświadczeń zdrowotnych dotyczących żywności, innych niż oświadczenia odnoszące się do zmniejszenia ryzyka choroby oraz rozwoju i zdrowia dzieci." Dz. Urz. UE L1 36: 1-40.